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A parotid abscess is an infection of the parotid gland, a major salivary gland localized in the retromandibular fossa, which can arise from ascending infection via Stensen’s duct, or from bacteraemia or viremia. Bacterial and (more rarely) viral infection of the intra-parotideal and periparotideal lymph nodes, or of the glandular parenchyma, can lead to suppurative changes, which can result in abscess formation. If the process continues pus penetrates the capsule and invades the surrounding tissue, and extends downward into the deep facial planes of the neck, backward into the external auditory canal, or outward into the facial skin.〔Krippaehne WW, Hunt TK, Dunphy JE (1962) Acute suppurative parotitis: a study of 161 cases. Ann Surg 156:251–257〕 It is suppuration of the parotid space deep cervical fascia splits into two layers,superficial and deep,to enclose the parotid gland and its associated structures parotid space lies deep to its superficial layer. Contents of parotid space include parotid gland and its associated parotid lymph nodes, facial nerve,external carotid artery, and retromandibular vein. Facial layer is very thick superficially but very thin on the deep side of the parotid gland where the parotid abscess can burst to form parapharyngeal abscess and hence spread to the mediastinum.〔Diseases of Ear, Nose and Throat by Dhingra Pg No. 263 ,6th Edition.〕 == Aetiology == The predisposing conditions and precipitating factors include: dehydration, poor oral hygiene, dental infection,oral trauma, xerostomia, ductal obstruction, certain drugs (anticholinergics and antihistamines), certain chronic diseases (Sjogren’s syndrome and diabetes mellitus), mal- nutrition, pre-existing parotid Warthin’s tumour, immune suppression, and sialolithiasis.〔Tan VE, Goh BS (2007) Parotid abscess: a five-year review— clinical presentation, diagnosis and management. J Laryngol Otol 121:872–879〕 Infection from the oral cavity travels it via the stenson’s duct to invade the parotid gland. Multiple small abscesses may form in the parenchyma. They may then coalesce to form a single abscess so.〔Diseases of Ear, Nose and Throat by Dhingra Pg No. 263 ,6th Edition.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Parotid abscess」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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